A practical, module-based course to learn machine operation, threading, stitching, maintenance and troubleshooting — built from your uploaded course content. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
Types of Sewing Machines: Domestic machines are geared for household projects — lower speed and lighter duty. Industrial machines are built for continuous high-speed operation, higher durability, and task specialization (e.g., single-needle lockstitch for general seams, overlock/serger for edge finishing, buttonhole and button-attachment machines for specialized operations).
Main Parts (single needle lockstitch focus): A sewing machine consists of a head (needle, presser foot, needle bar, take-up lever, tension discs, thread guides, spool pin), bed components (needle plate, feed dogs, bobbin winder, handwheel, reverse lever/button) and motor & pedals (foot pedal for speed control and power switch).
Safety: Always turn power off when not in use, keep fingers clear of needle area, sit with correct posture and good lighting, handle sharp tools carefully, and report malfunctions immediately.
Upper Threading Procedure: Follow the step-by-step path from spool pin through thread guides, tension discs, take-up lever, and needle eye. Correct path is crucial for balanced stitches.
Bobbin Winding: Load the bobbin onto the winder, guide thread for even winding, insert the wound bobbin into the case/shuttle, and pull up the bobbin thread before starting.
Thread Tension: Tension balances the top and bobbin thread. Balanced tension produces neat stitches; unbalanced shows loops or puckers. Adjust with the tension dial carefully.
Stitches: Straight stitch is used for joining and topstitching. Reverse stitch secures the start and end of seams. Zigzag stitches are for edge finishing or decoration.
Seams: Plain seam is the most common (stitch, trim, press). French seam encloses raw edges for delicate fabrics (two passes), and flat-felled seam is durable with no raw edges (used in jeans/workwear).
Fabrics: Woven fabrics (cotton, denim) have low stretch. Knits (jersey, fleece) stretch and require special handling (use ballpoint needles, avoid stretching while sewing). Grainline is important for cutting and sewing.
Guiding: Use seam guides and presser foot edges for straight seams, pivot and clip for curves, and practice controlled pedal usage for consistent stitching. Troubleshoot skipped stitches, bird’s nest (tangled thread), puckering and broken needles.
Routine maintenance: Daily: clean lint from feed dogs and bobbin area. Weekly: oil recommended points, check needle condition. Monthly: deeper cleaning and needle replacement. Store machine covered.
Troubleshooting: Machine jams, noisy operation (maybe lack of oil), uneven stitches (feed dog or presser foot pressure) — know the difference between user-level fixes and issues needing professional service.
Choose one: tote bag, pillow cover, or simple apron. Document: step-by-step photos/videos of key construction steps (threading, bobbin insertion, seam examples) and a final photo/video of completed item. Include a short self-reflection describing defects, causes and corrective action.